ESSAY CEMETERY

The story is comprised mostly of the main character's thoughts, which I decided were more easily summarized in bullet points. Ayah (an old Indian) sits outside in the snow immersed in nature reflecting on the past and the future Her son Jimmie was a soldier She thinks of her mother, grandmother and herself preparing wool and weaving blankets She thinks of Jimmie's birth She recalls when she was informed of Jimmie's death Chato- Ayah's husband? She recalls how: She mourned Jimmie She signed papers that allowed her children Ella and Danny to be taken away by doctors without understanding what she signed, but then ran away with the children The next day Chato, Ayah’s husband, explained that the children had inherited a disease from Ayah's grandmother and she had signed an agreement to treat them The children were taken away She had had other children who died but it was bearable because they were with her Back to the present: It starts snowing Ch

Buddy and his half brother and his mother Albertine American Horse are in the woodshed, hiding from the cops. One of them is Officer Harmony, a tribal policeman who is tough on Native Americans. Buddy knows something horrible is coming, something metal from the sky with barbs and hooks, to kill them. He enjoys watching his mother sleep. His mother regrets her experiences with men but not Buddy. She hates men. Two policemen and a social worker Vicky Koob come. Buddy hugs his mother close and relishes the contact despite the fear. The brown dog barks at them viciously so one of the policemen draws his gun on him and it retreats. Uncle Lawrence, in strange garb, opens the door. Harmony tells him they have papers that allow them to take Buddy. The other officer, Brackett, warns Lawrence that they'll take him too if he doesn't cooperate. They handcuff him and start searching the house and shed. Koob is eager to find Buddy "to salvage him". She catalogues all of the

This post contains a summary of sections 1-5 out of 6. 1 Race has had no or very little bearing on the course of literary theory in 20 th century. The literary canon is now considered to contain works which reflect on the general human condition and not particular groups. This has not always been so: in the 19 th century literary theory was interested in historical perspectives in literature. Literature was interpreted according to the period in which and the people by whom it was written. Race was important in criticism. It was considered to be the origins of man, the truths, ideas and ideals held by the author as part of the race. These were expressed implicitly and explicitly in the work. Race spans the history of the race and subsequent connected elements resulting from this long history. Texts were considered important which elevated the historical/racial element. Blacks and whites in America, for instance were seen as irreconcilably different. Even though in

King makes a distinction between just/moral and unjust/immoral laws and makes the claim that unjust laws do not have to be obeyed. Segregation laws are unjust and therefore must not be obeyed. Furthermore, Negroes are prevented from voting and changing the laws and so the laws are politically and undemocratically unjust. These laws must be disobeyed openly so that their breacher, by breaking the law, illustrates the unfairness of it. King cites precedents of civil disobedience that changed society for the better, and instances of unjust laws. King is disappointed with the "white moderate" who is content with keeping the peace rather than justice, and so are resistant to the necessary tension that is a product of the civil rights revolution. They agree with the principle of equality but not to the actions that must be taken to achieve it. They think that blacks should wait before claiming their rights. He is grateful for the few whites that do join the black struggle.

This is a summary of the following short excerpt from the book  -   America is overwhelmingly paradoxical. In spite of this, Americans are united by an "American Creed" held by everyone. Dominant American ideals are explicit, even though politics are not successful in abiding by these. The ideals are powerful and ingrained into every aspect of American life. They are so ingrained that American Negroes, a group against which there is very much discrimination, partly believe it themselves. This "Creed" which promotes individual rights emerged at a time when America was fighting for independence. Its set of ideals continues to be the basis and impetus for all wars. America saw itself as a unique and unprecedented phenomenon of democracy, which learned from mistakes of the past to create an egalitarian future. America was happy to support revolutions in other countries which followed the "Creed". Despite "old Americans" being favored

A femal protagonist is in a passionless marriage. "She" gave "him" a child because she respected him and he her. He is a professor and she - a poet. She met Ellis, "The Lover", at an artists' colony in New England. This happened while she was being talked at by an old black poet who rambles. This happens a lot because she is a good listener and people take advantage. She stops listening every time people get pompous and starts daydreaming. Ellis whisks her away and she immediately thinks of him as her lover. She finds his hands sensual. They go to dinner and he talks about himself. She is mildly amused. When he starts talking about his unpublished novels, she loses interest. Despite this, she does not show it – she intends to make him her first lover. "Afterwards, she would be truly a woman of her time". She is aware of how pleasing she appears, and notes that people turn to look at her when she is near. She is easygoing and does

This is a lecture that Walker gave at Sarah Lawrence, her alma mater. At Sarah Lawrence, she says, she felt free to live and create for the first time. After she graduated she realized that there was a gap in her education and her identity, for she had been taught the history of the south exclusively from a white point of view. Blacks have to study black texts. She discusses the literary canon and how blacks are missing from it. Where she would teach, instruction of texts written by black people is integral and invaluable. Many blacks feel that they lack history and art to relate to. Walker has made it a private mission to investigate into black writing and make them better known. Currently, they are not well known. These poems, though not in anthologies, are in her heart. She hopes she is a black revolutionary because she is always changing, and "for the good of more black people". She suggests that artists lock themselves up and produce work. But, she qualifies, bl

Walker describes Jean Toomer's exploration of the Reconstruction South. Toomer found women sexually abused and lost, but who he saw to hold power, spirituality and beauty of which they were not aware. They were waiting for these unknowns to be made known. In the meantime they did not appreciate any aspects of life. These black women were artists whose creative forces were abandoned to the hardships of life. Black women who were able to create such as Phillis Wheatley and Zora Hurston had divided loyalties, between black and white cultures. They were raised in both and their art is not genuinely hers but confused due to this. Many have criticized Wheatley's poetry for glorifying white people but Walker understands that art for Phyllis was a soulful practice and it sustained her. This is not the end of the story, for the next generation of black women has survived. There is now the quest for black female identity. Society is not understanding of this strife. The quest

Everyone in the tavern is amazed by Faith's father, an old man, having written another song. They are used to artistic production coming from the young. Philip, Faith's lover, reads the poem aloud later that night in the kitchen. The poem expresses the misery that her father experienced since her mother's death, as well as a longing for a young girl who waits for him. Faith thinks the young girl is her mother, young and Philip thinks it's a different girl entirely. They argue about old and young people, about Faith's ex-husband, about her writing. Faith gets upset and sad. They talk about poetry and Phil's ex-wife Anita, Faith's friend, and she asks him not to bring her up. Faith, Richard and Anthony (Faith's children) go to visit Faith's father, Mr. Darwin, in an old-age home that also houses infirm young people. He can tell Faith isn't too happy. They talk about Ricardo, Faith's ex-husband. Her father tells them about a volume of s

Paley used to only write poetry. This was done using her "ear for literature". Sometime in the mid 1950s Paley had an urge to write, but poetry was not the way to express it. The "beginning of big luck" happened: she got sick and her children had to go to all-day daycare for a few weeks. During this time she succeeded in writing several stories. She wrote them using her other "ear", her "home ear"- the faculty in her that let her be in touch with her early experiences. Early on, as a woman who was no longer a boy, Paley realized that she would be writing domestic fiction. Luck number one. A friend of Paley's made her ex-husband read Paley's work. This ex-husband was a publisher, and he published ten short stories by Paley. The "big luck" is the politics that went on around Paley as she was living her domestic life. This meant Paley, every woman writer in fact, was part of the second wave of the feminist movement. Activi

Summary Men make war, even though it injures them terribly. Paley asks: how do they come to live this way? When Paley was a little girl, she was a boy. She wanted to continue being a boy and to go to war and do other boy things, a notion that changed only experiencing WWII. She lived in Army camps with her husband much of the time, which she liked because of the boys and the action. As she began to live her own life as a writer and otherwise, she stopped wanting to be a boy; in fact, she thought it was the worst thing that she could never identify with. And after she had children she began to notice the women around her, to really live among women, and ascribe importance to them. She began rejecting the notion that men lived exciting compelling lives. She began to be interested in women.  This is how she came to write about women. She began to explore the female terrain with which she was unfamiliar through her stories. Even though she felt what she was writing was trivial,